Réseaux sociaux, sites internet, radio, télévision, journaux... les sources d'information n'ont jamais été aussi nombreuses. Et le mensonge n'a jamais autant circulé, au point que l'on parle même " d'infodémie ", comme d'une maladie. Comment juger alors la pertinence d'une information ? Est-ce que ce que je lis ou écoute est vrai ou faux ? Est-ce une opinion ou un fait ? Cet ouvrage entend apporter des clés pour apprendre à se repérer dans ce Far West de l'info où l'audience du message l'emporte souvent sur sa qualité, et où les fake news prolifèrent. Cela signifie savoir démêler le vrai du faux en toutes circonstances, se poser les bonnes questions, douter à bon escient. Cela signifie aussi comprendre les règles de circulation de l'information sur les réseaux, réaffirmer nos droits face à des géants du numérique qui organisent ce que nous lisons et regardons en toute opacité. Car produire, éditer et diffuser de l'information ne s'improvise pas. Cela répond à des règles professionnelles et déontologiques strictes.

This volume looks at the forms and functions of counterspeech as well as what determines its effectiveness and success from multidisciplinary perspectives. Counterspeech is in line with international human rights and freedom of speech, and it can be a much more powerful tool against dangerous and toxic speech than blocking and censorship. In the face of online hate speech and disinformation, counterspeech is a tremendously important and timely topic. The book uniquely brings together expertise from a variety of disciplines. It explores linguistic, ethical and legal aspects of counterspeech, looks at the functions and effectiveness of counterspeech from anthropological, practical and sociological perspectives and addresses the question of how we can use modern technological advances to make counterspeech a more instantaneous and efficient option to respond to harmful language online. The greatest benefit of counterspeech lies in the ability to reach bystanders and prevent them from becoming perpetrators themselves.

This book provides a comprehensive perspective on issues related to the trustworthiness of information in the emerging "Smart City." Interrelated topics associated with the veracity of information are presented and discussed by authors with authoritative perspectives from multiple fields. The focus on security, veracity, and trustworthiness of information, data, societal structure and related topics in connected cities is timely, important, and uniquely presented. The authors cover issues related to the proliferation of disinformation and the mechanics of trust in modern society.  Topical issues include trust in technologies, such as the use of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI), the importance of encryption and cybersecurity, and the value of protecting of critical infrastructure.  Structural issues include legal and governmental institutions, including the basis and importance of these fundamental components of society. Functional issues also include issues of societal trust related to healthcare, medical practitioners, and the dependence on reliability of scientific results. Insightful background on the development of AI is provided, and the use of this compelling technology in applications spanning networks, supply chains, and business practices are discussed by practitioners with direct knowledge and convincing perspective.

This open access book is the product of three years of academic research that has been carried out in the EU-funded Jean Monnet Network on "Post-Truth Politics, Nationalism and the Delegitimation of European Integration" since 2019. Drawing on the multidisciplinary expertise of the network's members, the book explores the impact of the phenomenon of post-truth politics on European integration and the European Union. It places particular emphasis on how post-truth politics has played out in the public sphere and asks what impact the phenomenon has had on public deliberation, but reflects also on its implications for democracy in a wider sense. This book is primarily written for audiences with an interest in politics and policy making, including academics, policy makers and civil-society actors. Thanks to its accessible style, the book should however also be an asset to wider audiences.

Desinformation ist eine Konstante der politischen Kommunikation. Doch mit der Wahl Donald Trumps zum Prasidenten der Vereinigten Staaten und der Brexit-Abstimmung in Grossbritannien erhielten bewusst lancierte Falschnachrichten eine neue gesellschaftliche Bedeutung. Denn nun wurde sichtbar, welche Wirkungen Falschmeldungen fur demokratische Systeme haben. Der Band geht diesem Phanomen auf den Grund, indem er herausarbeitet, was "Fake News" sind. Er geht der Frage nach, wie, warum und von wem sie eingesetzt werden und reflektiert, was man gesellschaftlich und personlich dagegen tun kann. Das Buch gibt zu diesem Zweck einen Uberblick uber den aktuellen Stand der empirischen Forschung zu Fake News und Desinformation, besonders mit Blick auf deren Verbreitung, Erkennbarkeit und Wirksamkeit. Zugleich diskutiert er in einer Mischung aus Essays, theoretischen Erorterungen und empirischen Studien die Herausforderungen von Desinformation fur unsere Gesellschaft und beleuchtet so das Thema von allen Seiten.

This open access book on infodemic management reviews the current discussions about this evolving area of public health from a variety of perspectives. Infodemic management is an evidence-based practice underpinned by the science of infodemiology that offers guidance to better manage pandemic and epidemic risks and more quickly tackle new and resurgent health threats. Infodemic management has added much visibility and recognition for the importance of social-behavioural sciences, health communication, participatory and human-centered approaches, and digital health as complementary scientific and practical approaches that also must be strengthened in public health practice through a whole-of-society and whole information ecosystem approach. This volume makes a case that health of the information ecosystem in the digital age has emerged as the fourth ecosystem that public health is challenged by, along with the triad of environment-human-animal health.

There is growing awareness about how social media circulate extreme viewpoints and turn up the temperature of public debate. Posts that exhibit agitation garner disproportionate engagement. Within this clamour, fringe sources and viewpoints are mainstreaming, and mainstream media are marginalized. This book takes up the mainstreaming of the fringe and the marginalization of the mainstream. In a cross-platform analysis of Google Web Search, Facebook, YouTube, Reddit, Twitter, Instagram, 4chan and TikTok, we found that hyperpartisan web operators, alternative influencers and ambivalent commentators are in ascendency. The book can be read as a form of platform criticism. It puts on display the current state of information online, noting how social media platforms have taken on the mantle of accidental authorities, privileging their own on-platform performers and at the same time adjudicating between claims of what is considered acceptable discourse.

This collection reaches beyond fake news and propaganda, beyond misinformation and charismatic liars, to explore the lesser-publicized cultural forms and practices that serve as a cultural infrastructure for post-truth society and politics. Situating post-truth in specific contexts as a site of contestation or crisis, the book critically explores it as a dynamic and shifting site around which political and cultural practices in specific contexts revolve and overlap. Through a breadth of perspectives, the volume considers a number of overlapping cultural and political developments across varying national and transnational contexts: changing technologies and practices of cultural production that sometimes shift and at other times reproduce authority of traditional institutional truth-tellers; seismic cultural changes in representations, values and roles regarding gender, sexuality, race and historical memory about them, as well as corresponding reactionary discourses in the "culture wars"; questions of authenticity, honesty, and power relations that combine many of the former shifts within an all-encompassing culture of (self-) promotional, attentional capitalism.

Misinformation and disinformation have emerged as paramount societal challenges, affecting areas from public health to climate change and eroding both social understanding and democratic values. Enter the political fact-checkers: stalwart defenders of accurate public information and guardians of robust public discourse. What began as an endeavor to verify political claims in the U.S. has transformed into a global movement addressing diverse forms of public information, harnessing innovative tech tools, championing media literacy, and exploring governance solutions. Who are these fact-checkers, and how have they become such a versatile force against misinformation? While united by very similar verification practices, the community of fact-checkers is remarkably diverse. Reflecting the media-political landscapes they navigate, these initiatives bring together a spectrum of professional expertise, visions, and strategies. This book delves into this fascinating world, exploring how theconcept of fact-checking has proliferated globally. Spotlighting efforts in Argentina, Georgia, Italy, and the U.S., it offers an in-depth understanding of fact-checkers' approaches, their alignment with distinct environments, and their potential impact on modern public discourse.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of 'societal deception' - how and why people are deceived and led to believe fake news. Coherently blending critical political economy and sociology, the author provocatively examines how corporations, political parties, the media, think tanks and assorted 'influencers' seek to manipulate public opinion to achieve their goals. This book spans an array of contemporary topics and issues not normally tackled by a single writer - the media, genetic engineering, fast food, environmental pollution, climate change, economic inequality, political manipulations, sports, and religion. While critical in subject matter, and replete with easily accessible and reliable sources, this book is highly readable and entertaining for the general as well as academic audience interested in current global issues.

La souveraineté numérique concerne tout à la fois des enjeux démocratiques, économiques et sociaux, commerciaux, industriels, de défense et de sécurité. Saisis dans leur intégralité, ces différents domaines mettent en cause l’intégrité des compétences des États ainsi que leur indépendance, leur capacité à appliquer les valeurs qui fondent leur identité et structurent les rapports sociaux. Face aux manipulations de l’information, aux cyberattaques contre des infrastructures sociales essentielles, à l’impuissance des économies à lutter contre la puissance de marché des plateformes, à la captation des données des citoyens et des industries et un retard technologique industriel, le sentiment d’impuissance individuelle des États européens a placé la question de la souveraineté numérique au coeur des enjeux internationaux.